[Jan 01, 2025] Valid NSE7_NST-7.2 Test Answers Full-length Practice Certification Exams
Accurate & Verified 2025 New NSE7_NST-7.2 Answers As Experienced in the Actual Test!
NEW QUESTION # 20
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of FortiOS kernel slabs.
Which statement is true?
- A. The total slab size of the ip_session slab is 3600 kB and is associated with the user space.
- B. The total slab size of the ip6_session slab is 1300 kB and is associated with the kernel.
- C. The total slab size of the sctp_session slab is 0 kB and is associated with the user space
- D. The total slab size of the tcp_sessior. slab Is 7500 kB and is associated with the kernel.
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Kernel Slabs Overview:
* The slab allocator in the Linux kernel is used for efficient memory management. It groups objects of the same type into caches, which are divided into slabs.
* Each slab contains multiple objects and helps to minimize fragmentation and enhance memory allocation efficiency.
* Interpreting the Exhibit:
* The exhibit shows output related to various kernel slab caches.
* The line forip6_sessionindicates that there are 1300 kB allocated for this slab, which means the total memory size allocated for IPv6 session objects in the kernel is 1300 kB.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Explanation of kernel slab allocation and usage(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Hammertux).
* Linux Kernel Documentation: Slab Allocator details(Hammertux).
NEW QUESTION # 21
Refer to the exhibits.
An administrator is attempting to advertise the network configured on port3. However, FGT-A is not receiving the prefix.
Which two actions can the administrator take to fix this problem'' (Choose two.)
- A. Use the set network-import-check disable command.
- B. Restart BGP using a soft reset, which forces both peers to exchange their complete BGP routing tables.
- C. Manually add the BGP route on FGT-A.
- D. Modify the prefix using the network command from 172.16.0.0/16 to 172.16.54.0724.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
* Soft Reset of BGP:
* Performing a soft reset of BGP is a common method to resolve issues where prefixes are not being
* received. It forces both BGP peers to resend their complete routing tables to each other.
* This can be done using the command:execute router clear bgp soft inandexecute router clear bgp soft out.
* Network Import Check:
* Thenetwork-import-checkcommand controls whether the FortiGate should verify that the prefix exists in the routing table before advertising it.
* Disabling this check can resolve issues where valid prefixes are not advertised due to stringent verification.
* The command to disable this is:config router bgp set network-import-check disable end.
* BGP Configuration Verification:
* Ensure that the BGP configuration on FGT-B is correctly set to advertise the network
172.16.54.0/24.
* Verify that the network statement is correctly configured and matches the intended prefix.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Technical Note on Configuring BGP(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Configuring BGP on FortiGate(Fortinet Document Library).
NEW QUESTION # 22
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a session table entry.
Which statement about FortiGate behavior relating to this session is true?
- A. FortiGate applied only IPS inspection to this session.
- B. FortiGate redirected the client to the captive portal to authenticate, so that a correct policy match could be made.
- C. FortiGate forwarded this session without any inspection.
- D. FortiGate is performing a security profile inspection using the CPU.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The session table entry provided shows detailed information about a specific network session passing through the FortiGate device. From the session details, we can see that the session has various attributes such as state, protocol, policy, and inspection details.
* The session state (proto_state=11) indicates that the session is being actively processed and inspected.
* Thenpd_state=00000000suggests that the session is being handled by the CPU rather than offloaded to a Network Processor (NP).
* The session is marked for security profile inspection, evident from the detailed byte/packet counts and other session parameters.
From these indicators, it's clear that FortiGate is using its CPU to perform security profile inspection on this session rather than simply forwarding the traffic without inspection or relying solely on IPS inspection.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Session Table
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Session Table
NEW QUESTION # 23
Refer to the exhibit. whichcontains the output of diagnose vpn tunnellist.
Which command will capture ESP traffic for the VPN named DialUp_0?
- A. diagnose sniffer packet any 'ip proto 50'
- B. diagnose sniffer packet any 'port 4500'
- C. diagnose sniffer packet any 'esp and host 10*200.3.2'
- D. diagnose sniffer packet any 'host10.0.10.10'
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Capturing ESP Traffic:
* ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) traffic is associated with IPsec and is identified by the protocol number 50. To capture ESP traffic, you need to filter packets based on this protocol.
* In this specific case, you also need to filter for the host associated with the VPN tunnel, which is
10.200.3.2as indicated in the exhibit.
* Sniffer Command:
* The correct command to capture ESP traffic for the VPN namedDialUp_0is:
diagnose sniffer packet any 'espandhost10.200.3.2'
* This command ensures that only ESP packets to and from the specified host are captured, providing a focused and relevant data set for troubleshooting.
References:
* Fortinet Documentation: Verifying IPsec VPN Tunnels(Fortinet Docs)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting IPsec VPN Tunnels(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 24
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a BGP debug command.
Which statement explains why the state of the 10.200.3.1 peer is Connect?
- A. The local router is receiving BGP keepalives from the remote peer, but the local peer has not received the OpenConf inn yet.
- B. The local router initiated the BGP session to 10.200.3.1 but did not receive a response.
- C. The router 10.200.3.1 has authentication configured for BGP and the local router does not.
- D. The local router has a different AS number than the remote peer.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The BGP summary output shows the state of the 10.200.3.1 peer as "Connect." This state indicates that the local router has attempted to initiate a BGP session with the peer, but the peer has not yet responded to the initial connection request.
* State Explanation: The "Connect" state in BGP indicates that the TCP connection has been initiated but
* is waiting for a response. If the peer does not respond within the configured timers, the session will transition to the "Active" state and retry the connection.
* Possible Causes: This can occur due to network issues preventing the peer from responding, a misconfiguration on the peer device, or issues like access control lists (ACLs) blocking the BGP traffic.
To troubleshoot, check the connectivity between the routers, ensure that the BGP configurations on both sides match, and verify that there are no firewalls or ACLs blocking the BGP packets.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on BGP Troubleshooting
* Fortinet Community Discussion on BGP State Issues
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which three conditions are required for two FortiGate devices to form an OSPF adjacency? (Choose three.)
- A. Authentication settings match.
- B. OSPF interface priority settings are unique
- C. OSPF link costs match.
- D. OSPF router IDs are unique.
- E. OSPF interface network types match
Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:
* OSPF Interface Network Types:
* The network types of the interfaces on both FortiGate devices must match. Common network
* types include broadcast, point-to-point, and non-broadcast multi-access (NBMA).
* Authentication Settings:
* Both devices must have matching authentication settings (if authentication is used). This includes the same authentication type (none, simple password, or MD5) and the same password or key.
* OSPF Router IDs:
* Each OSPF router must have a unique router ID within the OSPF domain. The router ID is typically an IPv4 address selected from one of the router's interfaces or manually configured.
* Link Costs and Interface Priority:
* While link costs and interface priorities are important for route selection and designated router (DR) elections, they do not prevent OSPF adjacency formation if they differ.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* OSPF Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which two statements about application-layer test commands ate true? (Choose two.)
- A. Some of them display only output, after you run the diagnose debug console enable command.
- B. Some of them display real-time application debugs.
- C. Some of them can be used to restart an application.
- D. Some of them display statistics and configuration information about a feature or process.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
* Statistics and Configuration Information:
* Application-layer test commands can display detailed statistics and configuration information about specific features or processes. For example, commands likediagnose vpn ipsec tunnel list provide detailed statistics about VPN tunnels.
* Real-time Debugs:
* These commands also facilitate real-time debugging of applications and processes. For instance, usingdiagnose debug applicationfollowed by the specific application, such asfssod, provides real-time debug information which is crucial for troubleshooting.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Useful FSSO Commands and Troubleshooting(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Application-layer Test Commands(Fortinet GURU).
NEW QUESTION # 27
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of a diagnose command.
Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. The remote gateway has quick more selectors containing a destination subnet of 10.1.2.0/24.
- B. Anti-replay is enabled.
- C. The remote gateway IP is 10.200.5.1.
- D. DPD is disabled.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
* Remote Gateway IP:
* The output shows10.200.5.1as the remote gateway IP, confirming that this is the IP address of the remote gateway involved in the IPsec VPN tunnel.
* Quick Mode Selectors:
* The quick mode selectors specify the subnets involved in the VPN. The output showssrc:
0:10.1.2.0/255.255.255.0:0anddst: 0:10.1.1.0/255.255.255.0:0, indicating the subnets being tunneled.
* DPD (Dead Peer Detection):
* DPD is shown asmode=on-demand on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=0, indicating that DPD is enabled in on-demand mode.
* Anti-replay:
* The output includesreplaywin=2048andreplaywin_lastseq=00000000, which are indicators that anti-replay protection is enabled for the IPsec tunnel.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* VPN Configuration and Diagnostic Guides
NEW QUESTION # 28 
Refer to the exhibits, which show the configuration on FortiGate and partial session information for internet traffic from a user on the internal network.
If the priority on route ID _ were changed from 10 to 0, what would happen to traffic matching that user session?
- A. The session would be deleted, and the client would need to start a new session.
- B. The session would remain in the session table, and itstraffic would egress from port1.
- C. The session would remain in the session table, but its trafficwould now egress from both port1.andport2.
- D. The session would remain in the session table, and its traffic would egress from port2.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The exhibits show the configuration of static routes and a session table entry for an active session. The static routes are configured with different priorities:
* Route throughport1with a gateway of10.200.1.254and priority5.
* Route throughport2with a gateway of10.200.2.254and priority10.
If the priority of the route throughport2is changed from10to0, this route will become more preferred than the route throughport1because lower priority values indicate higher preference. As a result, the traffic for the existing session will switch to using the more preferred route:
* The session would remain active in the session table, as FortiGate does not immediately clear sessions upon route changes unless explicitly configured to do so.
* The traffic for the session would then start egressing fromport2, which now has the higher priority route due to its lower priority value.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Routing Configuration
* Fortinet Community on Session Handling
NEW QUESTION # 29 
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a diagnose command.
What can you conclude from the RTT value?
- A. lts initial value is statically set to 10.
- B. Its value is incremented with each packet lost.
- C. It determines which FortiGuard server is used for license validation.
- D. Its value represents the time it takes to receive a response after a rating request is sent to a particular server.
Answer: D
Explanation:
* RTT (Round Trip Time):
* RTT in the context of the FortiGuard server list indicates the time it takes for a request to be sent to a FortiGuard server and for a response to be received.
* This metric helps determine the latency between the FortiGate device and the FortiGuard servers, which is crucial for ensuring efficient and quick updates and responses for services like web
* filtering and antivirus updates.
* Server Selection:
* The FortiGate device uses RTT values to prioritize servers. Servers with lower RTT values are preferred as they respond faster, ensuring minimal delay in processing requests.
* This improves the overall performance of FortiGuard services by reducing the time it takes to communicate with the servers.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting FortiGuard server connections and RTT values(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet Docs).
* Fortinet Documentation: FortiGuard server settings and RTT explanation(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 30
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a real-time debug.
Which statement about this output is true?
- A. The server hostname was extracted from the SNI in the client request, or from the CN in the server certificate
- B. This web request was inspected using the rtgd-allowweb filter profile.
- C. The requested URL belongs to category ID 255.
- D. FortiGate found the requested URL in its local cache.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The exhibit displays the output of a real-time debug of the URL filtering process on a FortiGate device. The debug output includes various details about a web request being processed.
* SNI (Server Name Indication): This is part of the SSL/TLS handshake where the client specifies the hostname it is trying to connect to. FortiGate can use this information to apply appropriate web filtering rules based on the server name.
* CN (Common Name): This is a field in the server's SSL certificate that typically contains the server's hostname. FortiGate can extract this information to verify the identity of the server and apply security policies accordingly.
Given that the debug output includes the hostname "training.fortinet.com," it is likely derived from the SNI in the client's request or the CN in the server's certificate, indicating that FortiGate is using this information to process the web request.
References
* Fortinet Community Documentation on Real-time Debugging
NEW QUESTION # 31
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of get router info ospf neighbor.
What can you conclude from the command output?
- A. The local FortiGate Is not a DROther.
- B. The local FortiGate is the BDR.
- C. All neighbors are in area 0.0.0.0.
- D. The network type connectingthe local Fortigate and OSPF neighbor 0.0.0.10 is point-to-point.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Understanding OSPF Roles:
* In OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), routers can have different roles: Designated Router (DR), Backup Designated Router (BDR), and DROther. These roles help manage and optimize the OSPF network traffic.
* DR and BDR are elected to minimize the number of adjacencies and reduce the amount of routing information exchange.
* DROther routers are neither DR nor BDR but can still participate in the OSPF network by maintaining adjacencies with DR and BDR.
* Analyzing the Exhibit:
* The exhibit shows the OSPF neighbor states for the local FortiGate.
* Neighbor ID 0.0.0.1 is in the state Full/DR (Designated Router).
* Neighbor ID 0.0.0.3 is in the state Full/DROther (DROther).
* Neighbor ID 0.0.0.10 has no specific designation, implying it is neither DR nor BDR.
* Conclusion:
* Since the local FortiGate shows neighbors in Full/DR and Full/DROther states and itself does not have a state of DROther, it can be concluded that the local FortiGate is not a DROther.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Understanding OSPF roles and states(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(cyruslab).
* Fortinet Documentation: OSPF neighbor states and elections(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which two statements about conserve mode are true? (Choose two.)
- A. FortiGate starts dropping all new sessions when the system memory reaches the configured red threshold.
- B. FortiGate enters conserve mode when the system memory reaches the configured extreme threshold.
- C. FortiGate starts taking the configured action for new sessions requiring content inspection when the system memory reaches the configured red threshold.
- D. FortiGate exits conserve mode when the system memory goes below the configured green threshold
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* Conserve Mode Activation:
* FortiGate enters conserve mode to prevent system crashes when the memory usage reaches critical levels. The "red threshold" is the point at which FortiGate starts dropping new sessions to conserve memory.
* When the system memory usage exceeds this threshold, the FortiGate will block new sessions that require significant memory resources, such as those needing content inspection.
* Exiting Conserve Mode:
* The "green threshold" is the memory usage level below which FortiGate exits conserve mode and resumes normal operation.
* Once the system memory usage drops below this threshold, FortiGate will start allowing new sessions again.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Understanding conserve mode and its thresholds(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Memory conserve mode and thresholds(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet GURU).
NEW QUESTION # 33
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows partial outputs from two routing debug commands.
Why is the port 2 default route not in the second command output?
- A. The port1 default route has a lower distance than the default route using port2-
- B. The port1 default route has a higher priority value than the default route using port2.
- C. The port1default route has a lower priority value than the default route using port2.
- D. The port2 interlace is disabled in the FortiGate configuration.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Routing Table Analysis:
* The first command output (get router info routing-table database) shows two default routes:
* One viaport1with a distance of10.
* One viaport2with a distance of20.
* The second command output (get router info routing-table all) only shows the route viaport1.
* Administrative Distance:
* The administrative distance (AD) is a measure used by routers to select the best path when there are multiple routes to the same destination. The lower the distance, the more preferred the route.
* In this scenario, the route viaport1has a lower distance (10) compared to the route viaport2(20), making it the preferred route.
* Route Selection:
* Since the route viaport1has a lower distance, it is the only one installed in the active routing table, which is why it appears in the second command output, and theport2route does not.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Routing behavior depending on distance and priority(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet GURU: Route priority and administrative distance explanations(Fortinet GURU).
NEW QUESTION # 34
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of diagnose npu np6 port-list on a FortiGate1500D.
An administrator is unable to analyze traffic flowing between port1 and port7 using the diagnose sniffer command.
Which two commands allow the administrator to view the traffic? (Choose two.)
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
* Diagnose NPU NP6 Port-list Disable Command:
* Thediagnose npu np6 port-list disablecommand disables specific ports on the NP6 processor.
This can help in cases where you need to analyze traffic and the hardware offloading is interfering.
* Command:diagnose npu np6 port-list disable 5 17(as shown in Option A).
* Diagnose NPU NP6 Fastpath Disable Command:
* Disabling the fastpath feature on NP6 can also allow for better visibility into the traffic as it bypasses hardware acceleration, which might obscure traffic details.
* Command:diagnose npu np6 fastpath disable 0(as shown in Option C).
References:
* Fortinet Documentation on Troubleshooting BGP and NPU Settings(Fortinet Docs).
* Fortinet Community Technical Notes on NPU and Traffic Analysis(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 35
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time RADIUS debug.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. Two-factor authentication was required.
- B. The RADIUS server queried for authentication is located at IP address 172.25.188.164.
- C. Authentication was successful
- D. The authentication scheme used was pop3.
- E. Authentication was unsuccessful.
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
* RADIUS Server IP Address:
* The debug output shows that the RADIUS request was sent to the server atIP=172.25.188.164.
This indicates that the RADIUS server being queried for authentication is indeed located at this IP address.
* Authentication Result:
* The debug output includes a line indicating the result for the RADIUS server:Result for radius svr 'RadiusServer' 172.25.188.164(0) is 0. A result code of0typically signifies that the authentication attempt was unsuccessful.
* Authentication Scheme:
* The debug output does not indicate that the authentication scheme used was pop3; it mentions using CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol).
* Two-factor Authentication:
* There is no indication in the debug output that two-factor authentication was required for this session.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* RADIUS Authentication Configuration and Debugging Guides
NEW QUESTION # 36
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